ՀԵՌՈՒՍՏԱԾՐԱԳՐԵՐ - Հեղինակ՝ ADMIN. Friday, April 19, 2013 0:04 - չքննարկված
Deportation of Armenian notables in 1915
Deportation of Armenian notables in 1915
Original copy of Instruction of the Ministry of the Interior on April 24
The deportation of Armenian notables also known as the Red Sunday (Armenian: Կարմիր Կիրակի Garmir Giragi) is an event during the Armenian Genocidewhen leaders of the Armenian community of the Ottoman capital, Constantinople, and later other locations were arrested and moved to two holding centers nearAnkara upon the order of the Minister of the Interior Mehmed Talaat Bey of April 24, 1915. With the adoption of the Tehcir Law on 29 May 1915, they were later relocated, within the Empire and most of them killed. 24 April is observed as a Genocide Remembrance Day, to commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocidein the Ottoman Empire.
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[edit]Detention
Minister of the Interior Mehmed Talaat Bey gave the detention order on April 24, 1915. The operation commenced at 8 p.m.[1] At Constantinople, the action was operated by Chief of Police of Constantinople Bedri Bey.[2]
On the night of 24–25 April 1915, in a first wave 235 to 270 Armenian leaders of Constantinople, clergymen, physicians, editors, journalists, lawyers, teachers, politicians, etc. were arrested upon an instruction of the Ministry of the Interior.[3][4][5] The differences in number may be explained by the uncertainties of the police as they imprisoned people with the same names.
There were further deportations from the capital. The first task was to identify those imprisoned. They were held for one day in a police station (Ottoman Turkish: Emniyeti Umumiye) and the Central Prison. A second wave brought the figure to 500[6]–600.[4][7][8]
In the end of August 1915 about 150 Armenians with Russian nationality were deported from Constantinople to holding centers.[9] Few of the detained were released the same weekend as writerAlexander Panossian (1859–1919) before even being transferred to Anatolia.[10]
[edit]Holding centers
Most of the arrested were sent after identification of the particulars from Central Prison over Sarai Burnu by steamer No. 67 of the Şirket company to the railway station of Haydarpaşa. After waiting for ten hours, they were sent by special train in the direction of Ankara the next day. The train was under way with 220 Armenians.[11] An Armenian train conductor got a list of names of the deportees. It was handed over to the Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople, Zaven Der Yeghiayan, who right away tried in vain to save as many deportees as possible. The only foreign ambassador to help him in his efforts was US ambassador Henry Morgenthau.[12] After a train journey of 20 hours, the deportees got off in Sincanköy (near Ankara) Tuesday noon. At the station Ibrahim, the director of the Central Prison of Constantinople, did the triage. The deportees were divided into two groups.
One group was sent to Çankırı (and Çorum between Çankırı and Amasia) and the other to Ayaş. Those separated for Ayaş were transported in carts for a couple of hours further to Ayaş. Almost all of them were killed several months later in gorges near Ankara.[13] Only ten (or thirteen[2]) deportees of this group were granted permission to turn back to the capital from Ayaş.[14]
A group of 20 latecomers arrested on 24 April arrived in Çankırı around 7 or 8 May 1915.[15] About 150 political prisoners were detained in Ayaş, about 150 intellectual prisoners in Çankırı.[16]
[edit]Court martial
 |
This section may be confusing or unclear to readers. (April 2011) |
Dr. Nazaret Daghavarian and Sarkis Minassian were removed on 5 May from the Ayaş prison and taken under military escort to Diyarbakır along with Daghavarian, Jangülian, Khajag, Minassian and Zartarian to appear before a court martial. They were, seemingly, murdered by the band of brigands led by Cherkes Ahmet, and lieutenants Halil and Nazım, at a locality called Karacaören shortly before arriving to Diyarbakır.[10] The murderers were tried and executed in Damascus by Djemal Pasha in September 1915. The assassinations became the subject of a 1916 investigation by the Ottoman Parliament led by Artin Boshgezenian, the deputy for Aleppo.
Marzbed dispatched to Kayseri to appear before a court martial on 18 May 1915.[17] After his release from the court, he worked under fake Ottoman identity for the Germans in Intilli (Amanus railway tunnel). He escaped to Nusaybin, where he fell from a horse and died right before the armistice.
[edit]Release
Any prisoners released came through the intercession of influential persons who they found through their own means.[18] Five deportees from Çankırı were freed upon intervention of ambassador Henry Morgenthau.[2]
In total, twelve deportees were granted permission to return to the capital from Çankırı.[19] These were Komitas Vardapet, Piuzant Kechian, Dr. Vahram Torkomian, Dr. Parsegh Dinanian, Haig Hojasarian, Nshan Kalfayan, Yervant Tolayan, Aram Kalenderian, Noyig Der-Stepanian, Vrtanes Papazian, Karnik Injijian, Beylerian junior. Four deportees were granted permission to come back from Konya.[20] These were Apig Miubahejian, Atamian, Kherbekian, Nosrigian.
The remaining deportees were under the protection of governor of Ankara Vilayet. Mazhar Bey defied the secret instructions of Talat Pasha minister of the interior. End of July 1915, Mazhar was replaced by central committee member Atif Bey.
[edit]Deportation
After the passage of Tehcir Law on 29 May 1915, Armenians left at the two holding centers were deported to Ottoman Syria.
On 11 or 18 July 1915 a first convoy with 56 prisoners arrived at the Çankırı holding center with no survivors.[21]
In August 1915, Atif Bey started the deportation of the Armenians living at the “Ankara Vilayet”. On 19 August, a second convoy with 30 deportees left Çankırı. Their fate is better known as two of them survived, one of whom was Aram Andonian.[2][21] This group continued their journey first by train as far as Ankara and then in carts to Çankırı.[13] After a week in the military barracks they were allowed to stay in town at their own expense, with the condition that they remain under supervision, whereas those sent to Ayaş were kept jailed in the garrison.[6][15]
[edit]Survivors
After the Armistice of Mudros several surviving Armenian intellectuals came back to Constantinople, which was under allied occupation. They started a short but intense literary activity that was ended by the Turkish victory (1922–23).
[edit]Notable deportees
Below is a list of prominent Armenian intellectuals, community leaders and other public figures that were deported from Constantinople, the Ottoman capital, on April 24, 1915, as made available by theOttoman archives and Armenian sources.
| Name[note 1] | Birth date Birthplace[note 2] |
Fate | Political affiliation | Occupation | Date of arrest & exile[note 3] |
First place of deportation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Krikor Zohrab Գրիգոր Զոհրապ |
1861 | Killed | None | Writer, lawyer and deputy in the Ottoman parliament | 21 May 1915 or 2 June 1915[22] | Diyarbakır |
| Ordered to appear before a court martial in Diyarbakır, together with Vartkes Hovhannes Serengülyan, both went to Aleppo by train, escorted by one gendarme, remained in Aleppo for a few weeks, waited the results of infructuous attempts by the Ottoman governor of the city to have them sent back to the capital (some sources mention Cemal Pasha himself intervening for their return, but Talat Pasha insisting on them to sent to the court martial), and then dispatched to Urfa and remained there for some time in the house of a Turkish deputy friend, taken under police escort and led to Diyarbakır by car -allegedly accompanied on a voluntary basis by some notable Urfa Armenians, and with many sources confirming, they were murdered by the [well-known] band of brigands led byCherkes Ahmet, Halil and Nazım, at a locality called Karaköprü or Şeytanderesi in the outskirts of Urfa, some time between 15 July and 20 July 1915. The murderers were tried and executed inDamascus by Cemal Pasha in September 1915, and the assassinations became the subject of a 1916 investigation by the Ottoman Parliament led by Artin Boshgezenian, the deputy for Aleppo. | ||||||
| Aram Andonian Արամ Անտոնեան |
1875 in Constantinople |
Survivor | Hunchak[23] Հնչակեան Վերակազմ[24] |
Writer, journalist, member of Armenian National Assembly[25] | April 24, 1915 | Çankırı |
| Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, broke his leg, was jailed in Ankara 20–24 August then escaped after hospitalization in Ankara Hospital.[21] He joined another caravan of deportees and returned to Constantinople only after Tarsus, Mardin, Der Zor, Haleb,[26] he stayed in concentration camps around the town of Meskene in the desert,[23] published his experiences in his literary work In those dark days, he edited a collection of telegrams, the authenticity of which is disputed, containing Talat Pasha’s extermination orders; he assumed directorship of the AGBU Nubar library in Paris from 1928 to 1951[27] | ||||||
| Krikor Balakian Տ. Գրիգորիս ծ. վարդ. Պալագեան |
1879 in Tokat |
Survivor | Bishop | April 24, 1915 | Çankırı | |
| Escaped. Lived in Manchester and Marseille after World War I. Published his memoirs of exile.[10][28] Died in Marseille in 1934. | ||||||
| Hampartsoum Boyadjian(Mourad) Համբարձում Պօյաճեան (Մուրատ) |
1867 in Hajin |
Killed | Hunchak | Doctor, political activist, one of the first organizers of the Hunchak in 1888 and one of its leaders, a fedayee, after 1908 Armenian National Assembly delegate from Kumkapı and deputy of Ottoman Parliament from Adana. Mourad was his militant name.[10] | April 24, 1915 | Çankırı |
| He was led to Kayseri to appear before a court martial and then was executed there[17] in 1915. | ||||||
| Roupen Zartarian Ռուբէն Զարդարեան |
1874 in Kharpert |
Killed | Writer, poet, newspaper (Azadamard) and textbook editor, considered as a pioneer of Armenian rural literature. Translated Victor Hugo, Maxim Gorki, Anatole France, Oscar Wilde into Armenian.[29] | April 24, 1915 | Ayaş | |
| Removed from the Ayaş prison on 5 May and taken under military escort to Diyarbakır along with Daghavarian, Agnouni, Jangülian, Khajag and Minassian to appear before a court martial there and they were, seemingly, murdered by the [well-known] band of brigands led by Cherkes Ahmet, and lieutenants Halil and Nazım, at a locality called Karacaören shortly before arriving to Diyarbakır.[10]The murderers were tried and executed in Damascus by Cemal Pasha in September 1915, and the assassinations became the subject of a 1916 investigation by the Ottoman Parliament led by Artin Boshgezenian, the deputy for Aleppo. | ||||||
| Daniel Varoujan Դանիել Վարուժան |
1884 in Brgnik (inVilayet of Sivas) |
Killed | Poet | April 24, 1915 | Çankırı | |
| Was killed together with Ruben Sevak by 12 çetes on 26 August 1915 6 hours after Çankırı near the han of Tüneh in a group of five.[21] | ||||||
| Siamanto (Adom Yerdjanian) Սիամանթօ (Ատոմ Եարճանեան) |
1878 in Akn |
Killed | Dashnak[17] | Poet, writer, member of Armenian National Assembly[17] | April 24, 1915 | |
| Killed in Ankara[17] | ||||||
| Vartkes Hovhannes Serengülian Վարդգէս Յովհաննէս Սէրէնկիւլեան |
1871 in Erzurum |
Killed | Deputy in the Ottoman parliament | 21 May 1915[citation needed]or 2 June 1915[22] | Dispatched to Diyarbakır to appear before a court martial | |
| Same as Krikor Zohrab.[30] (Cherkes Ahmet and Halil were led to Damascus and executed there on orders from Cemal Pasha, in connection with the murder of the two deputies, in 30 September 1915, Nazım had died in a fight before that.) | ||||||
| Ruben Sevakpen name (Dr. Ruben Chilingirian) Ռուբէն Սեւակ (Տոքթ. Ռուբէն Չիլինկիրեան) |
1885 in Silivri |
Killed | Physician, prominent poet and writer, formerly captain in the Ottoman Army during theBalkan Wars | June 22, 1915[31] | Çankırı | |
| “Permitted to reside freely in Çankırı” according to a telegramme from the Ministry of the Interior on 25 August 1915 on the subject of exiles erroneously unlisted in a former 3 August telegramme.[32]Killed in a village called Tüney in 1915, together with Gülistanyan, Daniel Varoujan and Mağazacıyan[10] in a group of five.[21] His house in Elmadağı, Constantinople now a museum.[33] | ||||||
| Smpad Piurad Der-Ghazaryants Սմբատ Բիւրատ Տեր-Ղազարեանց |
1862 in Zeytun(Süleymanlıtoday) |
Died | Novelist, public figure, member of Armenian National Assembly[17] | April 24, 1915 | Ayaş[17] | |
| Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||||||
| Dr. Garabed Pashayan Khan Տքթ. Կարապետ Փաշայեան Խան |
1864 in Constantinople |
Killed | Dashnak | Physician, writer[5] former deputy of the Ottoman parliament, member of Armenian National Assembly[17] | April 24, 1915 | Ayaş |
| First tortured[34] and then killed in Ankara.[17] | ||||||
| Dikran Chökürian Տիգրան Չէօկիւրեան |
1884 Gyumushkana |
Killed | Writer, publicist,[5] teacher and chief editor of Vostan.[17] | April 24, 1915 | Ayaş | |
| Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||||||
| Dr. Nazaret Daghavarian Տքթ. Նազարէթ Տաղաւարեան |
1862 Sebastia |
Killed | Physician, director of Surp Prgitch Hospital, deputy in the Ottoman parliament, deputy forSivas in the Armenian National Assembly, founding member of Armenian General Benevolent Union. | April 24, 1915 | Ayaş | |
| Removed from the Ayaş prison on 5 May and taken under military escort to Diyarbakır along with Agnouni, Jangülian, Khajag, Minassian and Zartarian to appear before a court martial there and they were, seemingly, murdered by the [well-known] band of brigands led by Cherkes Ahmet, and lieutenants Halil and Nazım, at a locality called Karacaören shortly before arriving to Diyarbakır,[10] killed on the way to Urfa.[17] The murderers were tried and executed in Damascus by Cemal Pasha in September 1915, and the assassinations became the subject of a 1916 investigation by the Ottoman Parliament led by Artin Boshgezenian, the deputy for Aleppo. | ||||||
| Kegham Parseghian Գեղամ Բարսեղեան |
Killed | Dashnak | Writer, publicist,[5] editor, teacher[17] | April 24, 1915 | Ayaş | |
| Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||||||
| Vrtanes Papazian Վրթանէս Փափազեան |
Survivor | Tailor[9] | April 24, 1915 | Çankırı | ||
| Wrongly deported as he bore the same name as the novelist who escaped to Bulgaria and later to Russia.[9] Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] | ||||||
| Yervant Odian Երվանդ Օտեան |
1869 in Constantinople |
Survivor | August 1915 | Ayaş | ||
| Accompanied Karekin Vrtd. Khatchaturian (prelate of Konia) from Tarson to Osmanieh.[36] Islamized in 1916 under the name Aziz Nuri[9] in Hama. After failed attempts to escape from Der Zor Odian worked in a factory for military uniforms together with Armenian deportees from Aintab. Soon afterwards he became translator to the military commander of Der Zor. Finally he was orderly to the commander Edwal of the German garrison in Der Zor and gave account of the killing of the last deportees from Constantinople in the prison of Der Zor as late as January 1918 and described that all the policemen and officials kept Armenian women.[37] | ||||||
| Komitas Vardapet Soghomonian Կոմիտաս Վարդապետ Սողոմոնյան |
1869 in Kütahya |
Survivor | Priest, composer, ethnomusicologist, founder of a number choirs[38] | April 24, 1915 | Çankırı | |
| Permitted to return to the capital by special telegramme from Talat Pasha on 7 May 1915.[39] The eight prisoners of this group were notified on Sunday, 9 May 1915, about their release[40] and left Çankırı on 11 May 1915[35] – developed a severe form of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and spent twenty years in virtual silence in mental asylums, died 1935 in Paris.[40] | ||||||
| Diran Kelekian Տիրան Քէլէկեան |
1862 Kayseri |
Killed | Ramgavar[13] | Writer, university professor, publisher of a popular Turkish language newspapar,Sabah,[41] freemason, author of a French-Turkish dictionary which is still a reference.[42] | April 24, 1915 | Çankırı |
| Permitted to reside with his family anywhere outside the capital by special order from Talat Pasha on 8 May 1915,[43] chose Smyrna, but was taken under military escort to Çorum to appear before a court martial and was killed on 20 October 1915 on the way to Sivas between Yozgat and Kayseri near the bridge Cokgöz on the Kizilirmak.[21] | ||||||
| Ardashes Harutunian Արտաշես Յարութիւնեան |
1873 Malkara |
Killed | Writer, publicist[5] | 28 July 1915 | ||
| Stayed in Üsküdar on April 24, 1915. Was arrested on 28 July 1915 and severely beaten at the Müdüriyet. When his father came to see him he was imprisoned as well. Father and son were deported together with 26 Armenians to Nicomedia (modern İzmit) and jailed in the Armenian church converted into a prison. Finally stabbed to death together with his father near Derbent on 16 August 1915.[9] | ||||||
| Hagop Der Hagopian Յակոբ Տէր Յակոբեան |
Survivor. Saved by an Armenian family at Konya[44] | mayor of Bardizag | April 24, 1915 | |||
| Name[note 4] | Birth date Birth place[note 5] |
Fate | Political party affiliation | Occupation | Date of arrest & exile[note 6] |
1st place of deportation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sarkis Abo Սարգիս Ապօ |
Killed | Dashnak | Teacher | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Armenian from Caucasus, killed in Ankara.[17] | |
| Levon Aghababian Լեւոն Աղապապեան |
1887 from Bitlis |
Died | Mathematician, headmaster of high schools in Kütahyaand Akşehir (1908–14), directed his own school in Kütahya for three years[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Died in 1915[26] | |
| Hrant Aghajanian Հրանդ Աղաճանեան |
Killed | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Brought to the gallows in Beyazit Square (Constantinople) on 18 January 1916.[9] | |||
| Mihran Aghajanian Միհրան Աղաճանեան |
Killed | Banker[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Went back to Constantinople where he was brought to the gallows.[17] | ||
| Mihran Aghasyan Միհրան Աղասեան |
1854 | Killed | Poet and musician | 1915 | Der Zor | Deported to Der Zor, where he was killed in 1916.[29] | |
| E. Agnouni (Khatchatur Maloomian) Է. Ակնունի (Խաչատուր Մալումեան) |
1865 in Zangezur |
Killed | Dashnak | Dashnak militant, newspaper editor, played a role in organizing an assembly of forces in opposition to the Ottoman Sultan, resulting in the proclamation of the Ottoman Constitution in 1908. | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Removed from the Ayaş prison on 5 May and taken under military escort to Diyarbakır along with Daghavarian, Jangülian, Khajag, Minassian and Zartarian to appear before a court martial there and they were, seemingly, murdered by the [well-known] band of brigands led by Cherkes Ahmet, and lieutenants Halil and Nazım, at a locality called Karacaören shortly before arriving toDiyarbakır.[10] The murderers were tried and executed inDamascus by Cemal Pasha in September 1915, and the assassinations became the subject of a 1916 investigation by theOttoman Parliament led by Artin Boshgezenian, the deputy for Aleppo. |
| Dikran Ajemian Տիգրան Աճեմեան |
Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Went back to Constantinople[17] out of a group of ten deportees from Ayaş.[9] | |||
| Dr. Dikran Allahverdi Տքթ. Տիգրան Ալլահվերտի |
Survivor | Member of different patriarchal councils | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Returned to Constantinople.[17] | ||
| Vahan Altunian Վահան Ալթունեան |
Survivor | Dentist[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] He left Çankırı on 6 August 1915, was jailed in Ankara, was displaced to Tarson, arrived in Constantinople on 22 September 1915.[26] | ||
| Vahram Altunian Վահրամ Ալթունեան |
Died[26] | Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | |||
| Aram Andonian Արամ Անտոնեան |
1875 in Constantinople |
Survivor | Hunchak[23]Հնչակեան Վերակազմ[24] | Writer and journalist; member of Armenian National Assembly[25] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, broke his leg, was jailed in Ankara 20–24 August then escaped after hospitalization in Ankara Hospital.[21] He joined another caravan of deportees and returned to Constantinople only after Tarsus, Mardin, Der Zor, Haleb,[26] he stayed in concentration camps around the town of Meskene in the desert,[23] published his experiences in his literary work In those dark days, he edited a collection of telegrams, the authenticity of which is disputed, containing Talat Pasha’s extermination orders; he assumed directorship of the AGBU Nubar library in Paris from 1928 to 1951[27] |
| V. Arabian Վ. Արապեան |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Sarkis Armdantsi Սարգիս Արմտանցի |
Killed | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |||
| K. Armuni Գ. Արմունի |
Lawyer[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Asadur Arsenian Ասատուր Արսենեան |
Killed | Pharmacist[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat[21] or died near Der Zor.[26] | ||
| Arslanian Արսլանեան |
Merchant ?[26] | 1915 | Çankırı | ||||
| Artsruni Արծրունի |
Killed[9] | Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | |||
| Paruyr Arzumanian Պարոյր Արզումանեան |
Killed | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August, killed en route to Yozgat.[21] | |||
| Vahram Asadurian Վահրամ Ասատուրեան |
from Gedikpaşa | Survivor[13] | Pharmacist | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Was deported to Meskene where he served finally in the army as assistant physician and helped Armenian deportees.[26] | |
| H. Asadurian Յ. Ասատուրեան |
Survivor | Print office owner[9] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Was granted permission to return.[9] | ||
| Harutiun Asdurian Յարութիւն Աստուրեան |
Killed | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |||
| Hrant Asdvadzadrian Հրանդ Աստվածատրեան |
Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Returned to Constantinople.[17] | |||
| D. Ashkharuni Տ. Աշխարունի |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Atamian Ադամեան |
from Erzurum | Survivor | Merchant[9] | 1915 | Konya | Was granted permission to return.[9] | |
| Varteres Atanasian Վարդերես Աթանսեան |
1874 | Died | Hunchak | “Headman” (mukhtar) of Feriköy, merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Died in 1916 (?)[26] |
| Yeghise Kahanay Ayvazian Եղիսէ Քհնյ. Այվազեան |
13 October 1870 in Bolu |
Clergyman | 1915 | Jailed in Constantinople for two months | Deported to Konya, Bey Shehir, Konya, Ulukshla, Ereyli (where he met many clergymen from Bardizag), Bozanti, Cardaklik, Tarsus. He left Tarsus on 15 October 1915 in direction of Osmaniye, Islahiye, Tahtaköprü to the outskirts of Aleppo.[5] | ||
| Azarik | Died | Pharmacist | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Died in Der Zor.[13] | ||
| Krikor Balakian Տ. Գրիգորիս ծ. վարդ. Պալագեան |
1879 in Tokat |
Survivor | Clergyman | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Escaped. Lived in Manchester and Marseille after the war – Published his memoirs[28] of exile –[10] – d.1934 in Marseille. | |
| Balassan Պալասան |
Muslim from Persia | Killed | Adopted as child by Dashnak | Doorman and coffee boy for editorial staff of Azadamard | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed despite intervention from Persian Embassy. |
| Dr. Khachig Bardizbanian Տքթ. Խաչիկ Պարտիզպանյան |
Killed | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |||
| Levon Bardizbanian Լեւոն Պարտիզպանյան |
1887 in Kharpert |
Dashnak[26] | Physician and director of Azadamard | 24 April 1915 | |||
| Vaghinag Bardizbanian Վաղինակ Պարտիզպանեան |
Survivor | Official of the Khayrienavigation company[13][26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] | ||
| Zareh Bardizbanian Զարեհ Պարտիզպանեան |
Dentist | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital by special telegramme fromTalat Pasha on 7 May 1915.[39] The eight prisoners of this group were notified on Sunday, 9 May 1915, about their release[40] and left Çankırı on 11 May 1915.[35] | |||
| Manuk Basmajian Մանուկ Պասմաճեան |
Survivor[26] | Architect and intellectual[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] | ||
| Mkrtich Basmajian(“Barsamian”[45]) Մկրտիչ Պասմաճեան (“Պարսամեան”) |
Survivor | Arms dealer[13] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Sent to İzmit for further interrogations together with other deportees. Fled to Konya. Was deported again, managed to escape half way to Der Zor and turned back to Constantinople.[26] | ||
| D. Bazdikian Տ. Պազտիկեան |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Bedig Պետիկ |
Writer, publicist[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Movses Bedrosian Մովսէս Պետրոսեան |
Dashnak | Teacher | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Set free as he was Bulgarian national and went back to Sofia.[13] | ||
| G. Beylikjian Կ. Պէյլիքճեան |
Merchant[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Khachig Berberian Խաչիկ Պէրպէրեան |
Survivor | Teacher[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Returned to Constantinople.[17] | ||
| E. Beyazian Ե. Պէյազեան |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Beylerian Պէյլերեան |
son of Hagop Beylerian | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | ||||
| Hagop Beylerian Յակոբ Պէյլերեան |
1843 from Kayseri?[46] |
Survivor[26] | Father of Beylerian son[26] | Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915,[35] died in 1921?[46] |
| Artin Boghosian Արթին Պօղոսեան |
Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | “Pardoned on condition on not returning to Constantinople” according to a telegramme from the Ministry of the Interior on 25 August 1915 on the subject of exiles erroneously unlisted in a former 3 August telegramme.[32] | |||
| Khachig Boghosian Խաչիկ Պօղոսեան |
Survivor | Doctor, psychologist, deputy of the Armenian National Assembly[26] | Arrested 24 April 1915, exiled 3 May 1915 | Ayaş | He arrived in Constantinople after further deportation from Ayaş to Ankara and Aleppo after the armistice.[26] Lived in Aleppo after the war. Founded a hospital. Published his memoirs of exile[10] – d. 1955 in Aleppo. | ||
| Hampartsoum Boyadjian(Mourad) Համբարձում Պօյաճեան (Մուրատ) |
1867 in Egn (Saimbeylitoday) |
Killed | Hunchak | Doctor, with a long and well-known history of political activity and agitation, one of the first organizers of theHunchak in 1888 and one of its leaders, principal organizer of the 1890Kumkapı affray, leader of the 1894-1895 Sasun revolt, after 1908 Armenian National Assembly delegate from Kumkapı and deputy ofOttoman Parliament fromAdana. Mourad was his militant name.[10] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | He was led to Kayseri to appear before a court martial and then was executed there[17] in 1915. |
| Piuzant Bozajian Բիւզանդ Պօզաճեան |
Survivor | Member of Armenian National Assembly[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Went back to Constantinople.[17] | ||
| Gh. Chplakian Ղ. Չպլաքեան |
Survivor | 1915 | Konya | Deported to Konya, Tarsus, Kuşcular, Belemedik. Returned to the capital after the armistice.[9] | |||
| Yervant Chavushyan Երվանդ Չավուշեան |
1867 Constantinople[26] |
Died | Hunchak | Armenian scientist, teacher, editor-in-chief of “Tzayn Hayrenyats” newspaper. | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Deported to Hamman, Der Zor, where he died from illness.[29] He died at the same time in the same tent in a village near Meskene as Husig A. Kahanay Katchouni.[13] |
| Chebjie Ջպճը |
Armenian-Catholic[26] | Architect | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | |||
| Dikran Chökürian Տիգրան Չէօկիւրեան |
1884 Gyumushkana |
Killed | brother of Cheokuerian below | Writer, publicist,[5] teacher and chief editor of Vostan.[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] |
| Chökürian Չէօկիւրեան |
brother of Dikran Chökürian | Writer, publicist[5] | 24 April 1915 | ||||
| Kaspar Cheraz Գասպար Չերազ |
1850 in Hasköy |
Survivor | Lawyer, public figure, brother of Minas Cheraz | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | He departed from Çankırı in winter after seven months and survived the next three years as refugee in Uşak together with his companions Hovhan Vartaped Garabedian, Mikayel Shamtanchian, Vartan Kahanay Karagözian from Feriköy. After the armistice he returned to Constantinople.[5] He was deported instead of his brother Minas Cheraz who emigrated to France, Kaspar Cheraz died in 1928 in Constantinople.[26] | |
| K. Chukhajian Գ. Չուհաճեան |
Merchant[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Aharon Dadurian Ահարոն Տատուրեան |
1886 in Ovacik (near İzmit) |
Survivor | Poet[9] | 1915 | Eregli | Returned to Constantinople after the armistice.[9] After a brief sojourn in Constantinople and Bulgaria, he pursued his studies in Prague (1923–28) and settled in France in the late 1920s. He died in 1965.[27] | |
| Dr. Nazaret Daghavarian Տքթ. Նազարէթ Տաղաւարեան |
1862 Sebastia |
Killed | Physician, director of Surp Prgitch Hospital, deputy in the Ottoman parliament, deputy for Sivas in theArmenian National Assembly, founding member of Armenian General Benevolent Union. | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Removed from the Ayaş prison on 5 May and taken under military escort to Diyarbakır along with Agnouni, Jangülian, Khajag, Minassian and Zartarian to appear before a court martial there and they were, seemingly, murdered by the [well-known] band of brigands led by Cherkes Ahmet, and lieutenants Halil and Nazım, at a locality called Karacaören shortly before arriving toDiyarbakır,[10] killed on the way to Urfa.[17] The murderers were tried and executed in Damascus by Cemal Pasha in September 1915, and the assassinations became the subject of a 1916 investigation by the Ottoman Parliament led by Artin Boshgezenian, the deputy for Aleppo. | |
| Danielian Դանիելեան |
Survivor[13] | Hunchak | Tailor[13] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | ||
| Boghos Danielian Պօղոս Դանիելեան |
Died | Dashnak | Lawyer[5] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Died in Der Zor.[13] | |
| Garabed Deovletian Կարապետ Տէօվլեթեան |
Survivor | Official of the mint[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] | ||
| Nerses Der-Kaprielian(Shahnour) Ներսես Տէր- Գաբրիէլեան (Շահնուր) |
from Kayseri | Killed | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat.[21] | ||
| Noyig Der-Stepanian[47] Նոյիկ Տեր-Ստեփանեան |
from Erzincan[26] | Survivor | Commission agent, merchant and banker[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35]About 40 members of his family died.[26] | |
| Dr. Parsegh Dinanian Տքթ. Բարսեղ Տինանեան |
Survivor | Physician | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] One of the organizers of the commemoration ceremony of 24 April 1919.[26] | ||
| K. Diratsvian Գ. Տիրացուեան |
Writer, publicist[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Khor. Dkhruni Խոր. Տխրունի |
Writer, publicist[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Dr. Krikor Djelal Տքթ. Գրիգոր Ճելալ |
Survivor | Hunchak[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] | ||
| Dr. Missak Djevahirdjian Տքթ. Միսաք Ճէվահիրճեան |
1858 from Kayseri |
Survivor | Physician (gynaecologist at the court), member of a tribunal council[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital on 11 May 1915.[35] The eight prisoners of this group were notified on Sunday, 9 May 1915, about their release[40] and left Çankırı on 11 May 1915.[35] Was set free with the help of his friend Pesin Omer Paşa, died in 1924.[26] | |
| Armen Dorian(Hrachia Surenian; Husian?) Արմեն Տորեան (Հրաչյա Սուրենեան) |
1892 Sivas |
Killed | French-Armenian poet,[29]editor of “Arene” weekly (Paris), founder of the Pantheist school. | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Finished Sorbonne University in 1914 and returned toConstantinople. Deported to Çankırı, killed in Anatolian desert;[29]was jailed in Ankara after Çankırı and killed according to Nshan Kalfayan,[26] killed near Ankara.[13] | |
| Chris Fenerjian (Silvio Ricci) |
Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Set free as Bulgarian national and returned to Bulgaria.[9][17] | |||
| Parunak Ferukhan Բարունակ Ֆէրուխան |
1884 in Constantinople[26] |
Killed | Official of Bakırköy (Makriköy) administration and violinist[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat.[21] | |
| Bedros Kahanay Garabedian Պետրոս Քհնյ. Կարապետեան |
1858 in Rodosto |
Clergyman | 24 April 1915 | ||||
| Hovhan Vartaped Garabedian Յովհան Վրդ. Կարապետեան |
22 June 1888 in Brusa |
Survivor | Clergyman, M.A. of University of Columbia, secretary of patriarch Zaven[5] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Studied in the United States, came back in 1914 and was ordained priest on 16 June 1914 in Echmiadzin. He departed from Çankırı in winter after seven months and survived the next three years as refugee in Uşak together with his companions Kaspar Cheraz, Mikayel Shamtanchian, Vartan Kahanay Karagözian from Feriköy. After the armistice he returned to Constantinople and became priest in Gedikpaşa and Balat, member of the religious council. From 20 July 1919 – 5 August 1920 he was elected primate of İzmir. Later he got a higher degree as celibate priest (Ծ. Վրդ.). On 8 January 1921 he left for America and became priest of the St. Lusavorich church in New York.[5] He survived and left the clergy.[13] | |
| Mkrtich Garabedian Մկրտիչ Կարապետեան |
Survivor | Armenian-Catholic[9] | 1915 | Ayaş | Granted permission to return to capital as he was wrongly imprisoned in place of the teacher with same name.[9] | ||
| Ghazaros Ղազարոս |
Dashnak | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Deported in lieu of Marzbed (Ghazar Ghazarian).[26] | |||
| Ghonchegülian Ղոնչէկիւլեան |
Died | Merchant from Akn[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Died near Meskene.[13] | ||
| Gigo (Krikor Torossian) Կիկօ (Գրիգոր Թորոսեան) |
Killed | Editor of the satirical newspaper Gigo[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Dr. Gülustanian Տքթ. Կիւլուստանեան |
Killed[10] / Survivor[13][26] | Dentist | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | “Permitted to reside freely in Çankırı” according to a telegramme from the Ministry of the Interior on 25 August 1915 on the subject of exiles erroneously unlisted in a former 3 August telegramme.[32] Killed in a village called Tüney in 1915, together with Ruben Sevak, Daniel Varoujan and Mağazacıyan[10] in a group of five. | ||
| Dr. Melkon Gülustanian Տքթ. Մելքոն Կիւլուստանեան |
Survivor | relative of his namesake in Çankırı[26] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Set free and went back to Constantinople.[17] | ||
| Haig Goshgarian Հայկ Կօշկոարեան |
Survivor | Editor of Odian and Gigo | 1915 | Der Zor | Survived deportation to Der Zor and returned to the capital after the armistice.[9] | ||
| Reverend Grigorian | Pastor and editor ofAvetaper[13] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | ||||
| Melkon Gülesserian Մելքոն Կիւլեսերեան |
Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] | |||
| Mihrdat Haigazn Միհդատ Հայկազն |
Killed | Dashnak | Patriot or educator,[5]member of Armenian National Assembly, umbrella merchant.[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Banished a couple of times. – He was killed in Ankara.[17] | |
| K. Hajian Գ. Հաճեան |
Pharmacist | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Came back from Çankırı after the armistice.[26] | |||
| Hampartsum Hampartsumian Համբարձում Համբարձումեան |
Killed | Writer, publicist[5] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Hovhannes Hanisian Յովհաննէս Հանիսեան |
Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | “Pardoned on condition on not returning to Constantinople” according to a telegramme from the Ministry of the Interior on 25 August 1915 on the subject of exiles erroneously unlisted in a former 3 August telegramme.[32] | |||
| Ardashes Harutunian Արտաշես Յարութիւնեան |
1873 Malkara (nearRodosto) |
Killed | Writer, publicist[5] | 28 July 1915 | Stayed in Üsküdar on 24 April 1915. Was arrested on 28 July 1915 and severely beaten at the Müdüriyet. When his father came to see him he was imprisoned as well. Father and son were deported together with 26 Armenians to Nicomedia (modern İzmit) and jailed in the Armenian church converted into a prison. Finally stabbed to death together with his father near Derbent on 16 August 1915.[9] | ||
| Abraham Hayrikian Աբրահամ Հայրիկեան |
Killed | Turkologist, director of Ardicollege, member of Armenian National Assembly[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| K. Hiusian Գ. Հիւսեան |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Haig Hojasarian Հայկ Խօճասարեան |
Survivor | Teacher, educator, headmaster of Bezciyan school (1901–1924),[46]politician in Ramgavar | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital mid-June 1915, deputy of the Armenian National Assembly in 1919[26] became later chancellor of the Diocese of the Armenian Church of America.[10] | ||
| Mkrtich Hovhannessian Մկրտիչ Յովհաննէսեան |
Killed | Dashnak | Teacher | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |
| Mkrtich Hovhannessian Մկրտիչ Յովհաննէսեան |
Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Deported in lieu of Dashnak member Mkritch Hovhannessian, returned to Constantinople.[17] | |||
| Hrant (pen name) born as Melkon Giurjian Հրանդ (Մելքոն Կիւրճեան) |
Killed | Dashnak | Writer, publicist,[5]armenologist, member ofArmenian National Assembly[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |
| Krikor Hürmüz Գրիգոր Հիւրմիւզ |
Killed[9] | Writer, publicist[5] | 24 April 1915 | ||||
| Khachig Idarejian Խաչիկ Իտարէճեան |
Killed | Teacher | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Karnik Injijian Գարնիկ Ինճիճեան |
Survivor[13] | Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Came free upon request.[9] | ||
| Aris Israelian(Dkhruni) Արիս Իսրայէլեան (Տխրունի) |
1885 | Died | Dashnak | Teacher, writer | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Was in Konya in 1916,[26] died later under unknown circumstances.[13][26] |
| Apig Jambaz ԱբիԿ Ճամպազ |
from Pera[26] | Died[26] | Armenian-Catholic[26] | Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] |
| Harutiun Jangülian Յարութիւն Ճանկիւլեան |
1855 in Van |
Killed | Hunchak | One of the organizers of the 1890 Kumkapı affray, political activist, member ofArmenian National Assembly, published his memoirs in 1913. | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Dispatched to Diyarbakir, but executed after Aleppo between Urfa and Severek by Haci Tellal Hakimoglu (Haci Onbasi)[48]– Removed from the Ayaş prison on 5 May and taken under military escort to Diyarbakır along with Daghavarian, Agnouni, Khajag, Minassian and Zartarian to appear before a court martial there and they were, seemingly, murdered by the [well-known] band of brigands led by Cherkes Ahmet, and lieutenants Halil and Nazım, at a locality called Karacaören shortly before arriving toDiyarbakır.[10] The murderers were tried and executed inDamascus by Cemal Pasha in September 1915, and the assassinations became the subject of a 1916 investigation by theOttoman Parliament led by Artin Boshgezenian, the deputy for Aleppo. |
| Aram Kalenderian Արամ Գալէնտերեան |
Survivor | Official of the Ottoman Bank[13] | 24 April 1915 | Was set free.[9] | |||
| Harutiun Kalfayan Յարութիւն Գալֆաեան |
in Üsküdar | Died | Hunchak | Director of Arhanyan College. | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Died in 1915.[10] Not to be confused with his namesake, also a deportee but a Dashnak member, who was mayor of Bakırköy(Makriköy) quarter of the capital. |
| Harutiun Kalfayan Յարութիւն Գալֆաեան[49] |
1870 in Talas |
Died in Ankara[26] | Dashnak | Lawyer, mayor of Bakırköy(Makriköy) | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Died in 1915.[10] Uncle of Nshan Kalfayan.[26] Not to be confused with his namesake, also a deportee but a Hunchak member, who was a schoolmaster. |
| Nshan Kalfayan Նշան Գալֆաեան |
16 April 1865 in Üsküdar[50] |
Survivor | Agronomist, lecturer in agriculture at Berberyan school[46] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35]Moved to Greece in 1924. Was invited to Persia in 1927 to administer properties of the Shah. Was a correspondent for the Académie française.[26] | |
| Kantaren[26] Գանթարեն |
1915 | Çankırı | |||||
| Rafael Karagözian | Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital by a telegramme from Talat Pasha on 7 May 1915.[39] | |||
| Takvor (?) Karagözian Թագվոր (՞) Գարակէոզեան |
Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | ||||
| Vartan Kahanay Karagözian Վարդան Քհնյ. Գարակէոզեան |
15 July 1877 in Kumkapı,Constantinople |
Survived | Clergyman from Feriköy | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | He departed from Çankırı in winter after seven months and survived the next three years as refugee in Uşak together with his companions Hovhan Vartaped Garabedian, Kaspar Cheraz, Mikayel Shamtanchian. After the armistice he returned to Constantinople.[5] | |
| Aristakes Kasparian Արիստակէս Գասպարեան |
1861 in Adana |
Killed | Lawyer, businessman, member of Armenian National Assembly | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş[17] | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |
| Husig A. Kahanay Katchouni Յուսիկ Ա. Քհնյ. Քաշունի |
1851 in Arapgir |
Died | Dashnak[26] | Clergyman | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Was deported further and died from illness in a village near Meskene. He died at the same time in the same tent as Yervant Chavushyan.[13] |
| Kevork Kayekjian Գէորգ Գայըգճեան |
Killed | Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat.[21] Three Kayekjian brothers were deported and killed altogether near Ankara.[26] | ||
| Levon Kayekjian Լևոն Գայըգճեան |
Killed | Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat.[21] Three Kayekjian brothers were deported and killed altogether near Ankara.[26] | ||
| Mihran Kayekjian Միհրան Գայըգճեան |
Killed | Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat.[21] Three Kayekjian brothers were deported and killed altogether near Ankara.[26] | ||
| Dr. KahanayArshak Kazazian Տքթ. Քհնյ. Արշակ Գազազեան |
Survivor[13] | Clergyman | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | |||
| Piuzant Kechian Բիւզանդ Քէչեան |
1859 | Survivor | Editor, owner of influential newspaper Piuzantion, historian | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital by special telegramme fromTalat Pasha on 7 May 1915.[39] The eight prisoners of this group were notified on Sunday, 9 May 1915, about their release[40] and left Çankırı on 11 May 1915.[35] Returned to Constantinople on 1 May 1915 [old calendar?] and stayed in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, until the end of the war,[51] died in 1927[46] or 1928.[26] | |
| Vahan Kehiayan(Dökmeji Vahan) Վահան Քէհեաեան |
1874 in Urfa |
Hunchak | Patriot or educator[5] and craftsman[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Killed on 26 August 1915 together with Ruben Sevak, Daniel Varoujan, Onnik Maghazajian, Artin Kocho.[26] | |
| Diran Kelekian Տիրան Քէլէկեան |
1862 Kayseri |
Killed | Ramgavar[13] | Writer, university professor, publisher of a popular Turkish language newspapar,Sabah,[41] freemason, author of a French-Turkish dictionary which is still a reference.[42] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to reside with his family anywhere outside the capital by special order from Talat Pasha on 8 May 1915,[43] choseSmyrna, but was taken under military escort to Çorum to appear before a court martial and was killed on 20 October 1915 on the way to Sivas between Yozgat and Kayseri near the bridge Cokgöz on the Kizilirmak.[21] |
| Akrig Kerestejian Ագրիկ Քերեսթեճեան |
1855 in Kartal |
Died[26] | Merchant of wood[26](coincides with the literal meaning of his name) | 24 April 1915 | |||
| Rev. Garabed Keropian Պատ. Կարապետ Քերոբեան |
from Balıkesir[5] | Survivor | Pastor[52] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital by special telegramme fromTalat Pasha on 7 May 1915.[39] The eight prisoners of this group were notified on Sunday, 9 May 1915, about their release[40] and left Çankırı on 11 May 1915.[35] He went to America.[5] | |
| Dr. Mirza Ketenjian Տքթ. Միրզա Քեթենենճեան |
Survivor[13] | Dashnak | 24 April 1915 | ||||
| Karekin Khajag born as Karekin Chakalian Գարեգին Խաժակ (Գարեգին Չագալեան) |
1867 in Alexandropol |
Killed | Dashnak | Newspaper editor, teacher. | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Removed from the Ayaş prison on 5 May and taken under military escort to Diyarbakır along with Daghavarian, Agnouni, Jangülian, Minassian and Zartarian to appear before a court martial there and they were, seemingly, murdered by the [well-known] band of brigands led by Cherkes Ahmet, and lieutenants Halil and Nazım, at a locality called Karacaören shortly before arriving toDiyarbakır.[10] The murderers were tried and executed inDamascus by Cemal Pasha in September 1915, and the assassinations became the subject of a 1916 investigation by theOttoman Parliament led by Artin Boshgezenian, the deputy for Aleppo. |
| A. Khazkhazian Ա. Խազխազեան |
Merchant[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Kherbekian Խերպէկեան |
from Erzurum | Merchant[9] | 1915 | Konya | Was granted permission to return.[9] | ||
| Hovhannes Kilijian Յովհաննէս Գըլըճեան |
Killed | Bookseller[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Sarkis Kiljian (S. Srents) Սարգիս Գըլճեան (Ս. Սրենց) |
Survivor | Dashnak | Teacher, writer, publicist | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Escaped from Çankırı to Konya and became Deputy of the Armenian National Assembly in 1919.[26] | |
| Hovhannes Kımpetyan(Kmpetian) Յովհաննէս Գմբթեան |
1894 | Killed | Armenian poet[29] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Killed during the deportation in Ras al-Ain. | |
| Artin Kocho (Harutiun Pekmezian?) Գոչո Արթին (Յարութիւն Բեքմեզեան) |
Killed | Bread seller in Ortaköy[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Was killed by 12 çetes on 26 August 1915 6 hours after Çankırı near the han of Tüneh in a group of five.[26] | ||
| (Kevork or Hovhannes) Köleyan (Գէորգ կամ Յովհաննէս) Գէոլէեան |
Killed | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Killed near Ankara.[13] | |||
| Nerses (Der-) Körkian Ներսես (Տէր-) Գէորգեան |
Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Was betrayed by a competitor.[26] | |||
| Komitas Vardapet Soghomonian Կոմիտաս Վարդապետ Սողոմոնյան |
1869 in Kütahya |
Survivor | Priest, composer,ethnomusicologist, founder of a number choirs[38] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital by special telegramme fromTalat Pasha on 7 May 1915.[39] The eight prisoners of this group were notified on Sunday, 9 May 1915, about their release[40] and left Çankırı on 11 May 1915[35] – developed a severe form of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and spent twenty years in virtual silence in mental asylums, died 1935 in Paris.[40] | |
| Harutiun Konyalian Յարութիւն Գօնիալեան |
Killed | Tailor[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Hagop Korian Յակոբ Գորեան |
from Akn, in his seventies[26] | Survivor | Merchant, occasionally a teacher[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] He left Çankırı on 6 August 1915, was jailed in Ankara, was displaced to Tarson, arrived in Constantinople on 22 September 1915.[26] | |
| Kosmos[26] Կոզմոս |
1915 | Çankırı | |||||
| Shavarsh Krissian Շաւարշ Քրիսեան |
Killed | Dashnak[17] | Writer, publicist,[5]teacher,[17] editor of the 1st sports magazine of the Ottoman Empire “Marmnamarz“[53] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | He organized gym exercises in Ayaş. Until the deportees of Ayaş came to know about The 20 Hunchakian gallows of 15 June 1915 they weren’t realising the earnest of their situation.[48] The exercises were viewed by the Turkish guards with great suspicion.[11] Shavarsh Krissian was killed in Ankara.[17] | |
| M. Kundakjian Մ. Գունտագճեան |
Lawyer[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Levon Larents Kirishchiyan Լեւոն Լարենց Քիրիշճեան |
1882 | Killed | Hunchak | Poet, translator, professor of literature. | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed during the deportation.,[29] killed in Ankara.[17] |
| Onnik Maghazajian Օննիկ Մաղազաճեան |
1878 in Constantinople |
Killed | Chairman of Kumkapı Progressive Society | Cartographer, bookseller | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | “Permitted to reside freely in Çankırı” according to a telegramme from the Ministry of the Interior on 25 August 1915 on the subject of exiles erroneously unlisted in a former 3 August telegramme.[32] Killed in a village called Tüney in 1915, together with Ruben Sevak, Daniel Varoujan and Gülistanian[10] in a group of five.[21] |
| Asdvadzadur Manesian(Maniassian) Աստվածատուր Մանեսեան |
Survivor[13] | Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | |||
| Bedros Manikian Պետրոս Մանիկեան |
Çankırı | Survivor[13] | Pharmacist[26] | 24 April 1915 | |||
| Vrtanès Mardiguian Վրթանէս Մարտիկեան |
Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Deported in a group of 50 persons to Ankara, 5 May 1915, dispatched to Ayaş on 7 May 1915, set free in July 1915,[48]returned to Constantinople.[17] | |||
| Marzbed (Ghazar Ghazarian) Մարզպետ (Ղազար Ղազարեան) |
Died | Dashnak | Teacher | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | dispatched around 18 May 1915 to Kayseri to appear before a court martial,[48] worked under fake Turkish identity for the Germans in Intilli (Amanus railway tunnel), escaped to Nusaybinwhere he fell from a horse and died right before the armistice.[17] | |
| A. D. Mateossian Ա. Տ. Մատթէոսեան |
Lawyer, writer[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Melik Melikian[26] Մելիք |
Killed | 1915 | Çankırı | ||||
| Simon Melkonian Սիմոն Մելքոնեան |
from Ortaköy[26] | Survivor[26] | Architect[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] | |
| Theodoros Menzikian Թ. Մենծիկեան |
Killed | Merchant[5] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Sarkis Minassian born as Aram Ashot Սարգիս Մինասեան |
1873 in Çengiler,Yalova |
Killed | Dashnak[17] | Chief editor of Droshak,[17]Editor of Armeniannewspaper in Boston till 1909, teacher, writer and political activist in theOttoman capital after 1909; member of Armenian National Assembly[25] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Removed from the Ayaş prison on 5 May and taken under military escort to Diyarbakır along with Daghavarian, Agnouni, Jangülian, Khajag and Zartarian to appear before a court martial there and they were, seemingly, murdered by the [well-known] band of brigands led by Cherkes Ahmet, and lieutenants Halil and Nazım, at a locality called Karacaören shortly before arriving toDiyarbakır.[10] The murderers were tried and executed inDamascus by Cemal Pasha in September 1915, and the assassinations became the subject of a 1916 investigation by theOttoman Parliament led by Artin Boshgezenian, the deputy for Aleppo. |
| Krikor Miskjian Գրիգոր Միսքճեան |
1865 | Killed[26] | brother of Stepan Miskjian[26] | Pharmacist[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat,[21] killed near Ankara.[13][26] |
| Dr. Stepan Miskjian Տքթ. Ստեփան Միսքճեան |
1852 in Constantinople |
Killed[26] | brother of Krikor Miskjian[26] | Physician[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat,[21] killed near Ankara.[13][26] |
| Vartabed Garabed Mkrtichian Վրդ. Կարապետ Մկրտիչեան |
Clergyman | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Zareh Momjian Զարեհ Մոմճեան |
Killed | Translator at the Russian Consulate | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | “Pardoned on condition on not returning to Constantinople” according to a telegramme from the Ministry of the Interior on 25 August 1915 on the subject of exiles erroneously unlisted in a former 3 August telegramme.[32] Belonged to the second convoy with only two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat.[21] | ||
| Apig Mübahejian ԱբիԿ Միւպահեճեան |
Survivor | Publicist | 1915 | Konya | Was granted permission to return.[9] | ||
| Dr. Avedis Nakashian Տքթ. Ավետիս Նագաշեան |
Survivor | Physician | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Was set free 23 July 1915, sent his family to Bulgaria, served in the Ottoman army as captain in the Gülhane Hospital at the time of the Gallipoli campaign and immigrated to the US.[11] | ||
| Dr. Nakulian | Survivor | Doctor | 24 April 1915, exiled 3 May 1915 | Ayaş | Was free to move in Ayaş, returned later to the capital.[10] | ||
| Hagop Nargilejian Յակոբ Նարկիլէճեան |
Survivor | Pharmacist in the army[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital by special telegramme fromTalat Pasha on 7 May 1915.[39] The eight prisoners of this group were notified on Sunday, 9 May 1915, about their release[40] and left Çankırı on 11 May 1915.[35] | ||
| Markos Natanian Մարկոս Նաթանեան |
Survivor | Member of Armenian National Assembly[25] | 1915 | Çorum | Survived deportation to Çorum and later to Iskiliben, was permitted to go back.[9] | ||
| Hrant Nazarian Հրանդ Նազարեան |
24 April 1915 | Çankırı | |||||
| Serovpe Noradungian Սերովբէ Նորատունկեան |
Killed | Dashnak | Teacher at the Sanassarian college and member ofArmenian National Assembly[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |
| Nosrigian Նօսրիկեան |
from Erzurum | Survivor | Merchant | 1915 | Konya | Was granted permission to return.[9] | |
| Nshan Նշան |
Killed | Tattooist in Kumkapı[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Nshan Odian Նշան Օտեան |
Hunchak[48] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | ||||
| Yervant Odian Երվանդ Օտեան |
1869 in Constantinople |
Survivor | August 1915 | Ayaş | Accompanied Karekin Vrtd. Khatchaturian (prelate of Konia) from Tarson to Osmanieh.[36] Islamized in 1916 under the name Aziz Nuri[9] in Hama. After failed attempts to escape from Der Zor Odian worked in a factory for military uniforms together with Armenian deportees from Aintab. Soon afterwards he became translator to the military commander of Der Zor. Finally he was orderly to the commander Edwal of the German garrison in Der Zor and gave account of the killing of the last deportees from Constantinople in the prison of Der Zor as late as January 1918 and described that all the policemen and officials kept Armenian women.[37] | ||
| Aram Onnikian Արամ Օննիկեան |
Survivor[13] | (son of Krikor Onnikian) | Merchant,[5] chemist[13] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | ||
| Hovhannes Onnikian Յովհաննէս Օննիկեան |
Died | (son of Krikor Onnikian) | Merchant[5] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Died from illness in Hajkiri near Çankırı.[13] | |
| Krikor Onnikian Գրիգոր Օննիկեան |
1840 | Died | (father of Aram, Hovhannes and Mkrtich Onnikian) | Merchant[5] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Died from illness in Çankırı.[13] |
| Mkrtich Onnikian Մկրտիչ Օննիկեան |
Died | (son of Krikor Onnikian) | Merchant[5] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Died in Der Zor.[13] | |
| Panaghogh | Writer, publicist[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Shavarsh Panossian Շաւարշ Փանոսեան |
Survivor | Teacher from Pera.[9] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Was granted permission to return.[9] | ||
| Nerses Papazian (VartabedMashtots) Ներսես Փափազեան |
Killed | Dashnak | Editor of Azadamard,[17]Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |
| Vrtanes Papazian Վրթանէս Փափազեան |
Survivor | Tailor[9] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Wrongly deported as he bore the same name as the novelist who escaped to Bulgaria and later to Russia.[9] Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] | ||
| Ardashes Parisian Արտաշես Փարիսեան |
Survivor[13] | Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | |||
| Dr. Parseghian Տքթ. Բարսեղեան |
Survivor | 1915 | Ayaş | Granted permission to return.[9] | |||
| Dr. Armenag Parseghian Տքթ. Արմենակ Բարսեղեան |
Survivor[26] | Dashnak[26] | Teacher, studied philosophy in Berlin, lived in Pera[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] | |
| H. Parseghian Յ. Բարսեղեան |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Kegham Parseghian Գեղամ Բարսեղեան |
Killed | Dashnak | Writer, publicist,[5] editor, teacher[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |
| Sarkis Parseghian(Shamil) Սարգիս Բարսեղեան (Շամիլ) |
Killed[26] | Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | |||
| Dr. Garabed Pashayan Khan Տքթ. Կարապետ Փաշայեան Խան |
1864 in Constantinople |
Killed | Dashnak | Physician, writer[5] former deputy of the Ottoman parliament, member ofArmenian National Assembly[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | First tortured[34] and then killed in Ankara.[17] |
| Dz. VartabedYervant Perdahjian Ծ. վարդ. Երվանդ Փէրտահճեան |
Clergyman | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| M. Piosian Մ. Փիոսեան |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Smpad Piurad Der-Ghazaryants Սմբատ Բիւրատ Տեր-Ղազարեանց |
1862 in Zeytun(Süleymanlıtoday) |
Died | Novelist, public figure, member of Armenian National Assembly[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş[17] | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |
| G. Reisian Կ. Րէյիսեան |
Merchant[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Rostom (Riustem Rostomiants) Րոստոմ (Րիւսթէմ Րոստոմեանց) |
Killed | Merchant[5] and public figure[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Vramshabuh Samueloff Վրամշապուհ Սամուէլօֆ |
Killed | Merchant[5] Armenian from Russia, banker | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Sarafian[26] Սարաֆեան |
24 April 1915 | Çankırı | |||||
| Garabed Sarafian Կարապետ Սարաֆեան |
Killed | Public official | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Sato Սաթօ |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Jak Sayabalian(Pailag) Ժագ Սայապալեան (Փայլակ) |
1880 in Konya |
Killed | Armenian National Assembly | Interpreter for the British Consul in Konya between 1901–1905, then vice-consul for a year and a half. After 1909, journalist in the capital. | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Killed in Ankara.[17] |
| Margos Sefer Մարկոս Սեֆեր |
Survivor | Lawyer[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Was deported in place of Markos Natanian and returned to Constantinople.[17] | ||
| Vartkes Hovhannes Serengülian Վարդգէս Յովհաննէս Սէրէնկիւլեան |
1871 in Erzurum |
Killed | Deputy in the Ottoman parliament | 21 May 1915[citation needed]or 2 June 1915[22] | Dispatched to Diyarbakır to appear before a court martial | Same as Krikor Zohrab.[30] (Cherkes Ahmet and Halil were led toDamascus and executed there on orders from Cemal Pasha, in connection with the murder of the two deputies, in 30 September 1915, Nazım had died in a fight before that.) | |
| Baghdasar Serkisian | Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | “Pardoned on condition on not returning to Constantinople” according to a telegramme from the Ministry of the Interior on 25 August 1915 on the subject of exiles erroneously unlisted in a former 3 August telegramme.[32] | |||
| Margos ServetEffendi (Prudian) Մարկոս Սէրվէթ |
Survivor | Lawyer from Kartal[9] | 1915 | Ayaş | Was granted permission to return.[9] | ||
| Ruben Sevak pen name (Dr. Ruben Chilingirian) Ռուբէն Սեւակ (Տոքթ. Ռուբէն Չիլինկիրեան) |
1885 in Silivri |
Killed | Physician, prominent poet and writer, formerly captain in the Ottoman Army during the Balkan Wars | 22 June 1915[31] | Çankırı | “Permitted to reside freely in Çankırı” according to a telegramme from the Ministry of the Interior on 25 August 1915 on the subject of exiles erroneously unlisted in a former 3 August telegramme.[32] Killed in a village called Tüney in 1915, together with Gülistanyan, Daniel Varoujan and Mağazacıyan[10] in a group of five.[21] His house in Elmadağı, Constantinople now a museum.[54] | |
| Shahbaz[55] Շահպազ |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Parsegh Shahbaz Բարսեղ Շահպազ |
1883 in Boyacıköy,Constantinople |
Killed | Dashnak | Lawyer,[17] journalist, columnist | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | “Murdered on Harput-Malatya road.”[10][17] In a letter to Mss. Zaruhi Bahri and Evgine Khachigian Parsegh Shahbaz wrote from Aintab on 6 July 1915 that due to his wounded feet and stomachaches he will rest for 6–7 days until he has to continue the 8–10 days journey to M. Aziz. But he had no idea why he was sent there.[9] According to B. Vahe-Haig (Պ. Վահէ-Հայկ), survivor of the massacre of Harput, Parsegh Shahbaz was jailed 8 days after the massacre in the central prison of Mezre. Parsegh Shahbaz remained without food for a week and was severely beaten and finally killed by gendarmes under the wall of ‘the factory’.[9] |
| A. Shahen Ա. Շահէն |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Yenovk Shahen Ենովք Շահէն |
Killed | Actor[5] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Sarkis Shahinian Սարգիս Շահինեան |
Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | “Pardoned on condition on not returning to Constantinople” according to a telegramme from the Ministry of the Interior on 25 August 1915 on the subject of exiles erroneously unlisted in a former 3 August telegramme.[32] | |||
| Harutiun Shahrigian (Adom) Յարութիւն Շահրիկեան (Ատոմ) |
1860 in Shabin-Karahisar |
Killed | Dashnak | Dashnak leader, lawyer, member of Armenian National Assembly. | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş[17][26] | First tortured[34] and then killed in Ankara.[17] |
| Levon Shamtanchian Լեւոն Շամտանճեան |
Survivor | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Deported in lieu of Mikayel Shamtanchian, returned to Constantinople.[9][17] | |||
| Mikayel Shamtanchian Միքայէլ Շամտանճեան |
1874 | Survivor | Friend ofDikran Chökürian | Newspaper editor at Vostan, writer, lecturer, leader in theArmenian National Assembly | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | He departed from Çankırı in winter after seven months and survived the next three years as refugee in Uşak together with his companions Hovhan Vartaped Garabedian, Kaspar Cheraz, Vartan Kahanay Karagözian from Feriköy. After the armistice he returned to Constantinople.[5] Published his memoirs of exile after the war.[10] – d. 1926[46] |
| Levon Shashian Լեւոն Շաշեան |
Killed | Merchant[5] | 24 April 1915 | Killed in Der Zor.[9] | |||
| Siamanto (Adom Yerdjanian) Սիամանթօ (Ատոմ Եարճանեան) |
1878 in Akn |
Killed | Dashnak[17] | Poet, writer, member ofArmenian National Assembly[17] | 24 April 1915 | Killed in Ankara[17] | |
| Krikor Siurmeian Գրիգոր Սիւրմէեան |
Survivor | Father of Artavazd V. Siurmeian.[9] | 1915 | Ayaş | Was granted permission to return to the capital.[9] | ||
| Onnig Srabian(Onnig Jirayr) Օննիկ Սրապեան (Օննիկ Ժիրայր) |
Killed | Teacher | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Yeghia Sughikian Եղիա Սուղիկեան |
Writer, publicist[5] | 24 April 1915 | Met Yervant Odian and Aram Andonian in September 1915 while working in the mill of Aram and Ardashes Shalvarjian in Tarson (supplying daily 30’000 Ottoman soldiers with flour).[36] | ||||
| S. Svin Ս. Սուին |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Mihran Tabakian Միհրան Թապագեան |
1878 from Adapazar[26] |
Killed | Dashnak[26] | Teacher and writer[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat.[21] |
| Garabed Tashjian Կարապետ Թաշճեան |
Killed | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |||
| Garabed Tashjian Կարապետ Թաշճեան |
Survivor | Butcher[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Was deported in lieu of Garabed Tashjian jailed in Ayaş, came free and returned to the capital.[26] | ||
| Stepan Tatarian Ստեփան Թաթարեան |
Survivor[26] | Merchant[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Dispatched to Kayseri to appear before a court martial (where he was an eyewitness to executions[9]). Was joined by a group of four from Ayaş beginning of July.[35] Survived deportation from Çankırı to Kayseri to Aleppo and returned to Constantinople after the armistice.[26] | ||
| Hagop Tekeyan | 24 April 1915 | ||||||
| Kevork Terjumanian Գէորգ Թէրճիմանեան |
Killed | Ayaş | Merchant[5] | 24 April 1915 | Killed in Ankara.[17] | ||
| Ohannes Terlemezian Օհաննես Թէրլէմէզեան |
from Van | Survivor[26] | Money changer[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] One of the last who came free from Çankırı. He left Çankırı on 6 August 1915, was jailed in Ankara, came to Tarson, arrived in Constantinople on 22 September 1915.[26] | |
| Hagop Terzian Յակոբ Թէրզեան |
1879 | Killed | Hunchak | Pharmacist | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat,[21] killed near Ankara.[13] |
| Haig Tiriakian Հայկ Թիրեաքեան |
about 60 years old[17] | Survivor | Cashier of Phoenix[9] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Deported instead of his Dashnak homonym. Went back to Constantinople.[9][17] | |
| Hrach (Haig Tiriakian) Հրաչ (Հայկ Թիրեաքեան) |
1871 in Trabzon |
Killed | Dashnak | Member of Armenian National Assembly[17] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı[17] | After learning that another Haig Tiriakian had been detained in Ayaş he demanded his namesake’s release and his own transfer from Çankırı to Ayaş. He was later killed in Ankara.[17] |
| Yervant Tolayan Երվանդ Թօլայեան |
1883 | Survivor | Theater director, playwright, editor of the satirical journalGavroche | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital by special telegramme fromTalat Pasha on 7 May 1915.[39][56] The eight prisoners of this group were notified on Sunday, 9 May 1915, about their release[40] and left Çankırı on 11 May 1915.[35] Yervant Tolayan died in 1937.[46] | |
| Dr. Hagop Topjian Տքթ. Յակոբ Թօփճեան |
1876 | Survivor | Ramgavar | Editor[57] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital mid-June 1915,[10] died in 1951.[46] |
| Torkom Թորգոմ |
Patriot or educator[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Dr. Vahram Torkomian Տքթ. Վահրամ Թորգոմեան |
20 April 1858[58] in Constantinople |
Survivor | Physician,[59] medical historian | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital by special telegramme fromTalat Pasha on 7 May 1915.[39] The eight prisoners of this group were notified on Sunday, 9 May 1915, about their release[40] and left Çankırı on 11 May 1915.[35] He moved to France in 1922.[46]He published a book after the war (a list of Armenian doctors) inÉvreux, France in 1922 and a study on Ethiopean Taenicide-Kosso[60] in Antwerp in 1929. He died 11 August 1942 in Paris.[61] | |
| Samvel Tumajan(Tomajanian) Սամուել Թումաճան (Թոմաճանեան) |
Died[26] | Hunchak[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35]Samvel Tomajian/Թօմաճեան (!) died according to Alboyajian.[26] | ||
| Daniel Varoujan Դանիել Վարուժան |
1884 in Brgnik (inVilayet of Sivas) |
Killed | Poet | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Was killed together with Ruben Sevak by 12 çetes on 26 August 1915 6 hours after Çankırı near the han of Tüneh in a group of five.[21] | |
| Aram Yerchanik Արամ Երջանիկ |
1865 | Died | Restaurant owner | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Was deported as many intellectuals regularly met at his restaurant in Bahçekapı, died in 1915.[26] | |
| D. Yerganian Տ. Երկանեան |
Lawyer[5] | 24 April 1915 | |||||
| Krikor Yesayan Գրիգոր Եսայեան |
1883 from Van[26] |
Killed[21] | Dashnak[26] | French and Math teacher, translator of Levon Shant‘s Ancient Gods into French[26] | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Belonged to the second convoy with only (one[2] or) two survivors that left Çankırı on 19 August 1915, jailed in Ankara 20–24 August killed en route to Yozgat.[21] |
| Yeznik Եզնիկ |
Profession | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı[26] | ||||
| Nerses Zakarian Ներսես Զաքարեան |
Killed | Hunchak[17] | Patriot or educator,[5]member of Armenian National Assembly[17] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] | |
| Avedis Zarifian Ավետիս Զարիֆեան |
Survivor[13] | Pharmacist | 24 April 1915 | Çankırı | Permitted to return to the capital soon after 11 May 1915.[35] | ||
| Roupen Zartarian Ռուբէն Զարդարեան |
1874 in Kharpert |
Killed | Writer, poet, newspaper (Azadamard) and textbook editor, considered as a pioneer of Armenian rural literature. Translated Victor Hugo, Maxim Gorki, Anatole France, Oscar Wilde into Armenian.[29] | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Removed from the Ayaş prison on 5 May and taken under military escort to Diyarbakır along with Daghavarian, Agnouni, Jangülian, Khajag and Minassian to appear before a court martial there and they were, seemingly, murdered by the [well-known] band of brigands led by Cherkes Ahmet, and lieutenants Halil and Nazım, at a locality called Karacaören shortly before arriving toDiyarbakır.[10] The murderers were tried and executed inDamascus by Cemal Pasha in September 1915, and the assassinations became the subject of a 1916 investigation by theOttoman Parliament led by Artin Boshgezenian, the deputy for Aleppo. | |
| Zenop[26] Զենոբ |
24 April 1915 | Çankırı | |||||
| Krikor Zohrab Գրիգոր Զոհրապ |
1861 | Killed | Writer, jurist, deputy in the Ottoman parliament | 21 May 1915 or 2 June 1915[22] | Dispatched toDiyarbakır to appear before a court martial | Ordered to appear before a court martial in Diyarbakır, together with Vartkes Hovhannes Serengülyan, both went to Aleppoby train, escorted by one gendarme, remained in Aleppo for a few weeks, waited the results of infructuous attempts by the Ottoman governor of the city to have them sent back to the capital (some sources mention Cemal Pasha himself intervening for their return, but Talat Pasha insisting on them to sent to the court martial), and then dispatched to Urfa and remained there for some time in the house of a Turkish deputy friend, taken under police escort and led to Diyarbakır by car -allegedly accompanied on a voluntary basis by some notable Urfa Armenians, and with many sources confirming, they were murdered by the [well-known] band of brigands led by Cherkes Ahmet, Halil and Nazım, at a locality called Karaköprü or Şeytanderesi in the outskirts ofUrfa, some time between 15 July and 20 July 1915. The murderers were tried and executed in Damascus by Cemal Pasha in September 1915, and the assassinations became the subject of a 1916 investigation by the Ottoman Parliament led byArtin Boshgezenian, the deputy for Aleppo. | |
| Bartogh Zorian(Jirayr) Բարթող Զօրեան (Ժիրայր) |
Killed | 24 April 1915 | Ayaş | Killed in Ankara.[17] |
[edit]Notes
- ^ Note, Western Armenian orthography is used throughout the article as the deportees mother language and eyewitness accounts are all Western Armenian
- ^ ’From a place’ (from Van, from Kayseri) means place of origin, i.e. a citizen living in Constantinople was often identified with the place his family originally came from.
- ^ Year if exact date not given.
- ^ Note, Western Armenian orthography is used throughout the article as the deportees mother language and eyewitness accounts are all Western Armenian
- ^ ’From a place’ (from Van, from Kayseri) means place of origin, i.e. a citizen living in Constantinople was often identified with the place his family originally came from.
- ^ Year if exact date not given.
[edit]References
- ^ Shiragian, The legacy: Memoirs of an Armenian Patriot
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Ternon, Yves (1989), Enquête sur la négation d’un génocide (in French), Marseille: éditions parenthèses, p. 27, ISBN 2-86364-052-6.
- ^ Kamuran Gürün, Tarih Boyunca Ermeni Meselesi, p. 213.
- ^ a b Walker, Christopher J (1997), “World War I and the Armenian Genocide”, in Hovannisian, Richard G, The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times, II: Foreign Dominion to Statehood: The Fifteenth Century to the Twentieth Century, Palgrave Macmillan, p. 252, ISBN 0-333-61974-9.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af agah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bdbe bf bg bh bi bj bk bl Teotoros Lapçinciyan Գողգոթա հայ հոգեւորականութեան [The Golgotha of the Armenian clergy], Constantinople 1921 [gives an account of over 1.500 deported clergymen all over the Ottoman Empire with selected biographical entries and lists 100 notables of 24 April 1915 by name out of 270 in total and classifies them roughly in 9 professional groups]
- ^ a b Zaven Der Yeghiayan: My Patriarchal Memoirs, Mayreni Publishing, Barrington (RI) 2002 ISBN 1-931834-05-9, p. 63.
- ^ Razmik Panossian: The Armenians. From Kings and Priests to Merchants and Commissars, Columbia University Press, New York 2006 ISBN 0-231-13926-8, p. 237.
- ^ George A. Bournoutian: A Concise History of the Armenian People, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa (CA), 2002 ISBN 1-56859-141-1, p. 272.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af agah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as Teotoros Lapçinciyan (Teotig):Ամէնուն Տարեցոյցը. Ժ-ԺԴ. Տարի. 1916-1920. [Everyman’s Almanac. 10.-14. Year. 1916-1920], G. Keshishian press, Constantinople 1920
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Armenian Reporter Online, Article about the edition of Khachig Boghosian’s autobiography [1]
- ^ a b c Avedis Nakashian: A Man Who Found A Country, Thomas Y. Crowell Company, New York 1940 pp. 208-278
- ^ Zaven Der Yeghiayan: My Patriarchal Memoirs, Mayreni Publishing, Barrington (RI) 2002 ISBN 1-931834-05-9, p.58
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af agah ai aj ak Georges Balakian: Le Golgotha arménien, Le cercle d’écrits caucasiens, La Ferté-Sous-Jouarre 2002 (vol. 1) ISBN 2-913564-08-9 pp. 95-102
- ^ According to Teotig‘s year book 1916-20 these were: Dikran Ajemian, Mkrtich Garabedian, H. Asadurian, Haig Tiriakian,Shavarsh Panossian, Krikor Siurmeian, Servet, Dr. Parseghian, Piuzant Bozajian, Dr. Avedis Nakashian
- ^ a b Mikayel Shamtanchian: The Fatal Night. An Eyewitness Account of the Extermination of Armenian Intellectuals in 1915translated from the Armenian by Ishkhan Jinbashian, H. and K. Manjikian Publications, Studio City (CA) 2007 ISBN 0-9791289-4
- ^ Raymond Kévorkian: Le Génocide des Arméniens, Odile Jacob, Paris 2006 2-7381-1830-5, p. 318
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af agah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bdbe bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz cacb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cxGeorges Balakian: Le Golgotha arménien, Le cercle d’écrits caucasiens, La Ferté-Sous-Jouarre 2002 (vol. 1) ISBN 2-913564-08-9 pp. 87-94
- ^ Zaven Der Yeghiayan: My Patriarchal Memoirs, Mayreni Publishing, Barrington (RI) 2002 ISBN 1-931834-05-9, p. 66
- ^ According to Teotig‘s year book 1916-20.
- ^ According to Teotig‘s year book 1916-20
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Raymond Kévorkian:Le Génocide des Arméniens, Odile Jacob, Paris 2006 2-7381-1830-5, p. 663
- ^ a b c d Raymond H. Kévorkian (ed.): Revue d’histoire arménienne contemporaine. Tome 1. 1995 Paris p.254
- ^ a b c d Rubina Peroomian: Literary Responses To Catastrophe. A Comparison Of The Armenian And Jewish Experience, Scholars Press, Atlanta, 1993 ISBN 1-55540-895-8
- ^ a b Aram Andonian: En ces sombres jours traduction française et introduction d’Hervé Georgelin, Métis Presses, Genève 2007 ISBN 2-940357-07-2 p. 10
- ^ a b c d Zaven Der Yeghiayan: My Patriarchal Memoirs, Mayreni Publishing, Barrington (RI) 2002 ISBN 1-931834-05-9, p.49
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af agah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bdbe bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz cacb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cxcy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do Garine Avakian: Եղեռնահուշ մասունք կամ խոստովանողք եւ վկայք խաչի [Relic of the Genocide or to those who suffered in the name of the cross and died for their faith], Yerevan, 2002 ISBN 99930-2-436-8 [gives an account of the events that lead to Çankırı (first deportation stop in Anatolia) and 100 short biographic descriptions of deportees on the basis of a rosary/worry-beads (Hamrich) in the History Museum of Yerevan with the engraved names of the deportees, that a deportee himself, Varteres Atanasian (Nr. 71 of the worry-beads), created.]
- ^ a b c Kevork B. Bardakjian (Editor): A Reference Guide to Modern Armenian Literature, 1500-1920, Wayne State University Press, Detroit 2000 ISBN 0-8143-2747-8
- ^ a b Krikor Balakian Հայ Գողգոթան [The Armenian Golgotha], Mechitaristenpresse Vienna 1922 (vol. 1) and Paris 1956 (vol. 2)
- ^ a b c d e f g h Article in Yevrobatsi 23 April 2007. “Etre à l’Université du Michigan pour la commemoration du 24 avril 1915”, 23-04-2007, Par le Professor Fatma Müge Göçek, Université du Michigan
- ^ a b El-Ghusein, Fà’iz (1917). Martyred Armenia. p. p.7.
- ^ a b Raffi Kantian: Der Dichter und seine Frau. Rupen Sevag & Helene Apell. Ein armenisch-deutsches Paar in den Zeiten des Genozids in: Armenisch-Deutsche Korrespondenz, Nr. 139, Jg. 2008/Heft 1, pp. 46
- ^ a b c d e f g h i doc347
- ^ Lraper – Krä°Stä°N Salerä°ÂYe ÂGeçmä°Å Olsunâ Zä°Yaretä°
- ^ a b c Dr. Nakashian according Vrtanès Mardiguian in a letter to Aram Andonian, 26 April 1947
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad Raymond Kévorkian: Le Génocide des Arméniens, Odile Jacob, Paris 2006 2-7381-1830-5 p.662
- ^ a b c Teotig (Teotoros Lapçinciyan): Ամէնուն Տարեցոյցը. ԺԶ. Տարի. 1922. [Everyone’s Almanac. 16. Year. 1922], M. Hovakimian Press, Constantinople 1922, p. 113
- ^ a b Raymond Kévorkian: Le Génocide des Arméniens, Odile Jacob, Paris 2006 ISBN 2-7381-1830-5, p. 825
- ^ a b he was also the music teacher of prince Mejid’s wife (Soulahian131)
- ^ a b c d e f g h ihttp://www.devletarsivleri.gov.tr/kitap/belge/992/11.PDF
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Rita Soulahian Kuyumjian, Archeology of Madness. Komitas. Portrait of an Armenian Icon, 2001 ISBN 0-9535191-7-1 p. 131
- ^ a b Rita Soulahian Kuyumjian, Archeology of Madness. Komitas. Portrait of an Armenian Icon, 2001 ISBN 0-9535191-7-1
- ^ a b Kamûs-ı Fransevî, ed. posthumously 1928
- ^ a bhttp://www.devletarsivleri.gov.tr/yayin/osmanli/Armenians_inottoman/2b_012.htm
- ^ Տէր-Յակոբեան, Յակոբ (1960). Պարտիզակը խատուտիկ : .. Փարիզ.
- ^ wrongly recorded as “Barsamian” by Krikor Balakian in his memoirs.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Kevork Pamukciyan: Biyografileriyle Ermeniler, Aras Yayıncılık, Istanbul 2003 ISBN 975-7265-54-5
- ^ Teotik lists a M. Stepanian (merchant)
- ^ a b c d e Raymond Kévorkian: Le Génocide des Arméniens, Odile Jacob, Paris 2006 ISBN 2-7381-1830-5 p. 652
- ^ Teotik and Balakian list two B. Kalfayans or Bedros Kalfayans respectively, both killed in Ankara (jailed in Ayaş according to Garine Avakian). One of them being mayor of Bakırköy (Makriköy) and Dashnak the other, a merchant, being deported and killed mistakingly.
- ^ Teotig (Teotoros Lapçinciyan): Ամէնուն Տարեցոյցը. 1910.[Everyone’s Almanac. 1910], V. and H. Der Nersesian Editions, Constantinople, 1910, p. 318
- ^ Zaven Der Yeghiayan: My Patriarchal Memoirs, Mayreni Publishing, Barrington (RI) 2002 ISBN 1-931834-05-9 p. 66 [Patriarch Zaven Der Yeghiayan was amazed how Piuzant Kechian received permission to get free from detention, and repeats assumptions about him being a spy for the Young Turks.]
- ^ studied at the theological seminary of Merzifon, worked for the Bible House founded by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
- ^ Armradio: “Armenian Sports and Gymnastics in The Ottoman Empire”, 13 October 2009, 17:27 h
- ^ Lraper – Krä°Stä°N Salerä°ÂYe ÂGeçmä°Å Olsunâ Zä°Yaretä°
- ^ not to be confused with Parsegh Shahbaz (listed among thewriters, publicists on Teotik’s list)
- ^ Rita Soulahian Kuyumjian, Archeology of Madness. Komitas. Portrait of an Armenian Icon, 2001 ISBN 0-9535191-7-1 p. 131 [named in the telegram as ‘Pervant Tolayan]
- ^ Edited a catalogue of the manuscripts of the monastery of Armaş, posthumously Venice 1962.
- ^ Vahram Torkomian: Mémoires d’un médecin stambouliote. 1860–1890, translated by Simone Denis-Torkomian, edited by Raymond Kévorkian, Centre d’histoire arménnienne contemporaine, Bibliothèque Nubar de l’UGAB 2007, ISBN 1259-4873
- ^ he was also the physician of Patriarch Zaven Der Yeghiayan and Prince Mejid
- ^ Pankhurst R (July 1979). “Europe’s discovery of the Ethiopian taenicide–kosso”. Med Hist 23 (3): 297–313.PMC 1082476. PMID 395376.
- ^ Raymond Kévorkian (editor): Simone Denis-Torkomian: Les Mémoires du Dr. Vahram Torkomian, p. 14, in: Vahram Torkomian: Mémoires d’un médecin stambouliote. 1860–1890, translated by Simone Denis-Torkomian, edited by Raymond Kévorkian, Centre d’histoire arménnienne contemporaine, Bibliothèque Nubar de l’UGAB 2007, ISBN 1259-4873
[edit]Further reading
- Garine Avakian: Եղեռնահուշ մասունք կամ խոստովանողք եւ վկայք խաչի [Relic of the Genocide or to those who suffered in the name of the cross and died for their faith], Yerevan, 2002 ISBN 99930-2-436-8 [gives an account of the events that lead to Çankırı (place of deportation in Anatolia) and 100 short biographic descriptions of deportees on the basis of a rosary/worry-beads (Hamrich) in the History Museum of Yerevan with the engraved names of the deportees, that a deportee himself, Varteres Atanasian, created.]
- Krikor Balakian Հայ Գողգոթան [The Armenian Golgotha], Mechitaristenpresse Vienna 1922 (vol. 1) and Paris 1956 (vol. 2) (a new edition in French: Georges Balakian: Le Golgotha arménien, Le cercle d’écrits caucasiens, La Ferté-Sous-Jouarre 2002 (vol. 1) ISBN 2-913564-08-9, 2004 (vol. 2) ISBN 2-913564-13-5)
- Krikor Beledian: Le retour de la Catastrophe, in: Catherine Coquio (Hg.): L’histoire trouée. Négation et témoignage, éditions l’atalante, Nantes 2003 ISBN 2-84172-248-1 [essay about the survivor literature 1918-23]
- Raymond Kévorkian: Le Génocide des Arméniens, Odile Jacob, Paris 2006 ISBN 2-7381-1830-5
- Teotoros Lapçinciyan (Teotig) Գողգոթա հայ հոգեւորականութեան [The Golgotha of the Armenian clergy], H. Mateossian, Constantinople 1921 [gives an account of over 1.500 deported clergymen all over the Ottoman Empire with selected biographical entries and lists 100 notables of 24 April 1915 by name out of 270 in total and classifies them roughly in 9 professional groups]
- Teotoros Lapçinciyan (Teotig): Ամէնուն Տարեցոյցը. Ժ-ԺԴ. Տարի. 1916-1920. [Everyman’s Almanac. 10.-14. Year. 1916-1920], G. Keshishian press, Constantinople 1920
- Mikayel Shamtanchian: The Fatal Night. An Eyewitness Account of the Extermination of Armenian Intellectuals in 1915 translated from the Armenian by Ishkhan Jinbashian, H. and K. Manjikian Publications, Studio City (CA) 2007 ISBN 0-9791289-4
- Rita Soulahian Kuyumjian Archeology of Madness. Komitas. Portrait of an Armenian Icon. Gomidas Institute Taderon Press Princeton, New Jersey, 2001 ISBN 0-9535191-7-1
- Yves Ternon Enquête sur la négation d’un génocide [Investigation of the Denial of a Genocide], Editions Parentèses, Marseille 1989 ISBN 2-86364-052-6 [gives an account of the arrests of 24 April 1915 in the 1st part of his book]